How to choose a VHF radio
Marine Werks buying guide · Updated November 2026
A VHF radio is how boats call the Coast Guard, marinas, bridges and each other. A cell phone is a backup, not a replacement: VHF reaches every boat in range at once, and rescuers can home in on it.
1. Fixed-mount or handheld
- Fixed-mount radios transmit at up to 25 watts and use a tall external antenna, so they reach the farthest. They belong on any boat with a helm and a 12-volt system.
- Handhelds transmit at up to 5 or 6 watts with a short antenna. They're right for kayaks, small boats and as a backup that goes in the life raft or dinghy. Pick one that floats.
2. Range comes from antenna height
VHF travels in a line of sight, so the height of both antennas matters more than wattage. A fixed radio with a well-mounted antenna typically reaches farther than a handheld held at chest height. Powerboats commonly run an 8-foot antenna; sailboats usually mount a short antenna at the masthead.
3. DSC and your MMSI number
Every new fixed-mount radio has DSC (Digital Selective Calling). Press the red distress button and the radio sends a digital mayday with your boat's identity and, when it's connected to GPS or has GPS built in, your position. For that to work, the radio needs a nine-digit MMSI number programmed in.
- Recreational boats that stay in U.S. waters can get a free MMSI from BoatUS and a few other authorized agents.
- Boats that travel to foreign ports need an MMSI issued with an FCC ship station license.
- Connect the radio to your chartplotter (NMEA 0183 or NMEA 2000) so the distress call carries your position.
4. Channels to know
- Channel 16 is the distress, safety and calling channel. Monitor it whenever the radio is on.
- Channel 9 is a calling channel for recreational boats in many areas.
- Weather channels carry NOAA forecasts; many radios sound an alert for severe weather.
5. Worth paying for
- Built-in GPS (no separate hookup needed for DSC position).
- An AIS receiver, which shows commercial traffic on the radio or plotter.
- A second station or wireless handset at a flybridge or bow.
- A loud hailer output if you dock in busy marinas.
